AS Number
AS60022
AS Name
SONA-AS
Org Name
Sona Network B.V.
Country
Netherlands
Registry

ripe

RegDate

N/A

Updated

2025-03-21T14:00:58Z

AS60022 Looking Glass
IPv4Prefixes

25

IPv6Prefixes

18

IPv4 NUMs

11,520

IPv6 NUMs(/64)

107,374,182,400

11,520 IPv4 Addresses
CIDR Description IP Num
45.133.160.0/22 Sona Network B.V. 1024
149.12.241.0/24 Sona Business Services 256
149.12.242.0/23 Sona Business Services 512
154.51.69.0/24 Sona Business Services 256
178.212.231.0/24 Sona Business Pvt. Ltd. 256
185.62.68.0/22 Sona Network B.V. 1024
190.105.192.0/24 Sona Network B.V. 256
190.105.194.0/24 Conet N.V. 256
190.121.208.0/23 Sona Business Pvt. Ltd. 512
190.121.210.0/24 Sona Network B.V. 256
190.121.213.0/24 Sona Business B.V. 256
190.121.214.0/23 Sona Network Services LLC 512
190.121.216.0/23 Sona Business B.V. 512
190.121.218.0/23 Sona Business B.V. 512
190.121.220.0/23 Sona Business Pvt. Ltd. 512
190.121.222.0/24 Sona Business B.V. 256
190.121.223.0/24 Sona Business B.V. 256
190.121.240.0/24 Sona Business Pvt. Ltd. 256
190.121.241.0/24 Sona Business B.V. 256
190.121.242.0/23 Sona Business Pvt. Ltd. 512
190.121.244.0/24 Sona Business B.V. 256
190.121.245.0/24 Sona Business Pvt. Ltd. 256
190.121.246.0/24 Sona Business B.V. 256
190.121.247.0/24 Conet N.V. 256
190.121.248.0/21 Sona Business B.V. 2048
CIDR Description IP NUMs(prefix /64)
2803:1100::/32 Conet N.V. 4294967296
2803:f500::/32 Global Cash N.V. 4294967296
2a03:60::/32 SBBV-V6-1 4294967296
2a03:61::/32 SNBV-V6-2 4294967296
2a03:62::/32 SBBV-V6-3 4294967296
2a03:63::/32 SBBV-V6-4 4294967296
2a03:64::/32 SBBV-V6-AE 4294967296
2a03:65::/32 SBBV-V6-FR 4294967296
2a03:66::/32 SBBV-V6-DE 4294967296
2a03:67::/32 SBBV-V6-BE 4294967296
2a0e:7640::/29 Sona Network B.V. 34359738368
2a11:e680::/32 SBPL-V6-1 4294967296
2a11:e681::/32 SBPL-V6-2 4294967296
2a11:e682::/32 SBPL-V6-3 4294967296
2a11:e683::/32 SBPL-V6-4 4294967296
2a11:e684::/32 SBPL-V6-5 4294967296
2a11:e685::/32 SBPL-V6-6 4294967296
2a11:e686::/32 SBPL-V6-7 4294967296
AS Description Country/Region IPv4 NUMs IPv6 NUMs IPv4 IPv6
AS2914 NTT-DATA-2914 - NTT America, Inc., US United States 7,220,224 30,065,098,752 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS12552 GlobalConnect-AS12552 - GlobalConnect AB, SE Sweden 562,176 214,749,282,304 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS25091 IP-Max - IP-Max SA, CH Switzerland 15,104 68,719,607,808 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS61568 ALOO TELECOM - FSF TECNOLOGIA SA, BR Brazil 12,800 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4
AS559 Switch, CH Switzerland 2,184,960 176,093,790,208 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS6939 HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US United States 582,400 282,627,370,713,088 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS32590 VALVE-CORPORATION - Valve Corporation, US United States 12,800 2,162,688 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS9304 HUTCHISON-AS-AP - HGC Global Communications Limited, HK Hong Kong 1,931,008 12,884,967,424 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS34019 HIVANE - Hivane Association, FR France 2,816 1,245,184 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS34428 EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT Italy 512 68,719,476,736 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS61573 IP TELECOM, BR Brazil 1,024 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS199524 GCORE - G-Core Labs S.A., LU Luxembourg 119,808 112,721,920 IPv4 IPv4
AS9002 RETN-AS - RETN Limited, GB United Kingdom 38,400 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS34177 CELESTE-AS - CELESTE SAS, FR France 289,792 98,784,247,808 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS51184 FONIRA - Fonira Telekom GmbH, AT Austria 13,824 111,669,149,696 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS57463 NetIX - NetIX Communications JSC, BG Bulgaria 256 0 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS58511 ANYCAST-GLOBAL-BACKBONE - Anycast Holdings Pty Ltd, AU Australia 22,528 8,589,934,592 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS58952 FRONTIIRCOLTD-MM - Frontiir Co., Ltd, MM Myanmar 8,192 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4
AS174 COGENT-174 - Cogent Communications, LLC, US United States 35,905,536 185,692,585,984 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS4230 CLARO S.A., BR Brazil 5,155,584 21,475,098,624 IPv4 IPv4
AS6057 Administracion Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, UY Uruguay 2,156,032 68,719,607,808 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS20932 SIG-ST - Services Industriels de Geneve, CH Switzerland 9,472 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS31510 IKB-AS - Innsbrucker Kommunalbetriebe AG, AT Austria 27,904 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS49605 DTS-AS - Digital Telecommunication Services S.r.l., IT Italy 9,216 38,654,705,664 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS140570 HKBCS-AS-AP - Hong Kong Beecloud System Technology Services Limited, HK Hong Kong 4,608 65,536 IPv4 IPv4
AS45796 UIH-BBCONNECT-AS-AP - UIH / BB Connect, TH Thailand 2,048 4,294,967,296 IPv6 IPv6
AS1764 NEXTLAYER-AS - Next Layer Telekommunikationsdienstleistungs- und Beratungs GmbH, AT Austria 86,016 240,518,430,720 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS5405 INTERDOTLINK - Inter.link GmbH, DE Germany 2,560 34,359,738,368 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS13237 LAMBDANET-AS - euNetworks GmbH, DE Germany 570,368 107,374,182,400 IPv4 IPv4
AS35360 GARGUNET - Frederic Gargula, CH Switzerland 1,024 34,359,738,368 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS37721 Virtual-Technologies-Solutions-SA - Virtual Technologies & Solutions, BF Burkina Faso 15,872 8,589,934,592 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS56987 AS-ABACLOUDA - ABACLOUDA SAS, FR France 1,024 34,359,738,368 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS1267 ASN-WINDTRE - WIND TRE S.P.A., IT Italy 7,158,528 2,233,382,993,920 IPv4 IPv4
AS6453 AS6453 - TATA COMMUNICATIONS (AMERICA) INC, US United States 572,928 55,834,705,920 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS29075 IELO - IELO-LIAZO SERVICES SAS, FR France 35,584 107,374,182,400 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS52320 GlobeNet Cabos Submarinos Colombia, S.A.S., CO Colombia 4,096 8,589,934,592 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS17660 DRUKNET-AS - Bhutan Telecom Ltd, BT Bhutan 22,528 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS37100 SEACOM-AS - SEACOM Limited, MU Mauritius 1,072,896 12,884,901,888 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS47692 NESSUS - Nessus GmbH, AT Austria 37,120 34,359,869,440 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS133210 ENTECHNOLOGIES-AS-AP - EN Technologies Pte Ltd, SG Singapore 4,352 4,295,098,368 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS47160 MOJI - MOJI SAS, FR France 5,376 34,393,292,800 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS1299 TWELVE99 - Arelion Sweden AB, SE Sweden 395,008 77,326,843,904 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS3257 GTT-BACKBONE - GTT Communications Inc., US United States 8,573,184 468,152,549,376 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS5511 Opentransit - Orange S.A., FR France 544,512 17,184,194,560 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS7195 EDGEUNO S.A.S, CO Colombia 31,488 4,275,109,888 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS15547 NETPLUS - netplus.ch SA, CH Switzerland 135,168 42,949,672,960 IPv4 IPv4
AS39120 CONVERGENZE-AS - Convergenze S.p.A., IT Italy 43,520 17,179,869,184 IPv4 IPv4
AS28716 RETELIT-AS - Retelit Digital Services S.p.A., IT Italy 43,520 107,374,182,400 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS33891 CORE-BACKBONE - Core-Backbone GmbH, DE Germany 0 0 IPv4 IPv4
AS37497 Network-Platforms - Network Platforms (PTY) LTD, ZA South Africa 14,592 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4
AS47734 TELECOM-IT-SOLUTIONS-AS - Telecom IT Solutions SRL, RO Romania 256 65,536 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS60539 Huicast_Telecom - Huicast Telecom Limited, HK Hong Kong 768 34,376,581,120 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS57866 FUSIX-AS - Fusix Networks B.V., NL Netherlands 9,472 107,374,247,936 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS30781 JAGUAR-AS - Free Pro SAS, FR France 105,472 133,144,051,712 IPv6 IPv6
AS6663 TTI-NET - Euroweb Romania S.R.L., RO Romania 52,480 6,442,450,944 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS18106 VIEWQWEST-SG-AP - Viewqwest Pte Ltd, SG Singapore 53,248 13,153,337,344 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS30844 LIQUID-AS - Liquid Telecommunications Ltd, GB United Kingdom 367,872 38,654,705,664 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS35280 F5 - F5 Networks SARL, FR France 53,760 81,604,378,624 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS41327 FIBERTELECOM-AS - Fiber Telecom S.p.A., IT Italy 7,168 68,719,476,736 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS49544 i3Dnet - i3D.net B.V, NL Netherlands 97,792 352,458,178,560 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS6695 DECIX-AS - DE-CIX Management GmbH, DE Germany 0 0 IPv4 IPv4
AS15605 CONNESI - Connesi s.p.a., IT Italy 20,992 17,179,869,184 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS35625 EUROFIBER-FRANCE - Eurofiber France SAS, FR France 29,184 103,095,992,320 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS151326 DCPL-AS-AP - DCConnect Communication Pte. Ltd., SG Singapore 2,560 4,295,032,832 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS1031 PEER1-1031 - PEER 1031 LLC, US United States 1,536 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4
AS6777 AMS-IX-RS - Amsterdam Internet Exchange B.V., NL Netherlands 0 0 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS8966 Etisalat-AS - EMIRATES TELECOMMUNICATIONS GROUP COMPANY (ETISALAT GROUP) PJSC, AE United Arab Emirates 16,640 4,295,294,976 IPv4 IPv4
AS12637 SEEWEB - SEEWEB s.r.l., IT Italy 83,456 197,568,495,616 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS24516 VIRTUTEL-AS-AP - Virtutel Pty Ltd, AU Australia 18,176 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4
AS53062 ALT | GRUPO BRASIL TECPAR, BR Brazil 26,112 4,504,699,155,841,024 IPv4 IPv4
AS37468 ANGOLA-CABLES - Angola Cables, AO Angola 9,472 42,949,672,960 IPv4 IPv4
AS47147 AS-ANX - Anexia Cloud Solutions GmbH, AT Austria 1,536 131,072 IPv4 IPv4
AS3223 VOXILITY - Voxility LLP, GB United Kingdom 70,400 18,350,080 IPv4 IPv4
AS3356 LEVEL3 - Level 3 Parent, LLC, US United States 28,949,376 81,626,857,472 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS3491 CONSOLE-CONNECT-ASN - PCCW Global, Inc., US United States 1,084,672 13,421,838,336 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS4826 VOCUS-BACKBONE-AS - VOCUS PTY LTD, AU Australia 326,912 17,180,065,792 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS5713 SAIX-NET - Telkom SA Ltd., ZA South Africa 2,187,264 17,596,481,077,248 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS7575 AARNET-AS-AP - Australian Academic and Research Network, AU Australia 1,153,988 25,769,934,848 IPv4 IPv4
AS49434 FBWNETWORKS - FBW NETWORKS SAS, FR France 5,888 94,489,280,512 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS137409 GSLNETWORKS-AS-AP - GSL Networks Pty LTD, AU Australia 100,608 77,403,652,096 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS6461 ZAYO-6461 - Zayo Bandwidth, US United States 1,661,696 17,717,133,312 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS8218 NEO-ASN - Zayo Infrastructure France SA, FR France 47,360 12,884,967,424 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS9930 TTNET-MY - TT DOTCOM SDN BHD, MY Malaysia 741,888 4,295,098,368 IPv4 IPv4
AS14840 BR.Digital Provider, BR Brazil 70,912 14,010,220,544 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS39351 ESAB-AS - 31173 Services AB, SE Sweden 12,544 4,312,858,624 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS60602 INOVARE-AS - Inovare-Prim SRL, MD Moldova 3,328 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS12779 ITGATE - IT.Gate S.p.A., IT Italy 46,336 42,949,804,032 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS13058 serve-u-AS - serve-u - Buchholz und Suenderhauf GbR, DE Germany 2,048 34,359,738,368 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS24115 ASN-EQIX-MLPE - Equinix Asia Pacific Pte Ltd, SG Singapore 0 0 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS24482 SGGS-AS-AP - SG.GS, SG Singapore 20,992 4,294,967,296 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
AS45896 MOBIFONEGLOBAL-AS-VN - Mobifone Global JSC, VN Viet Nam 8,448 4,295,032,832 IPv4 IPv4
AS209823 ENKI-AS - Enki Multimedia EURL, FR France 768 4,295,360,512 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6

Peers at this Exchange Point

Country/Region IX IPv4 IPv6 Port Speed Updated
United Kingdom LINX LON1 - London Internet Exchange Ltd. 195.66.225.33 2001:7f8:4::ea76:1 10 Gbps 2022-04-27 21:01:34
Netherlands Speed-IX - Speed Internet Exchange 185.1.222.98 2001:7f8:b7::a506:22:1 10 Gbps 2022-03-02 15:00:39
Singapore Equinix Singapore - Equinix Internet Exchange Singapore 27.111.230.14 2001:de8:4::6:22:1 10 Gbps 2024-07-12 12:57:58
Netherlands Equinix Amsterdam - Equinix Internet Exchange Amsterdam 185.1.112.51 2001:7f8:83::6:22:1 10 Gbps 2023-03-10 16:41:47
Netherlands LSIX - LayerSwitch Internet Exchange 185.1.32.33 2001:7f8:8f::a506:22:1 10 Gbps 2021-04-20 15:02:39
Netherlands GNM-IX - GNM Internet Exchange 178.18.224.14 2a03:5f80:4::224:14 10 Gbps 2022-12-07 08:21:34
Germany DE-CIX Frankfurt - DE-CIX Frankfurt 80.81.197.87 2001:7f8::ea76:0:1 10 Gbps 2023-04-05 21:14:23
Netherlands AMS-IX - Amsterdam Internet Exchange 80.249.213.218 2001:7f8:1::a506:22:1 10 Gbps 2020-09-25 01:05:35
United Kingdom LONAP - London Access Point 5.57.82.78 2001:7f8:17::ea76:1 10 Gbps 2023-02-13 16:01:32
Netherlands NL-ix - Neutral Internet Exchange 193.239.119.56 2001:7f8:13::a506:22:1 10 Gbps 2024-12-19 14:11:14
Singapore SGIX - Singapore Internet Exchange 103.16.102.255 2001:de8:12:100::255 10 Gbps 2024-07-12 12:59:53
Netherlands Equinix Amsterdam - Equinix Internet Exchange Amsterdam 185.1.112.53 2001:7f8:83::6:22:2 10 Gbps 2023-03-11 23:24:21

Private Peering Facilities

Country/Region Name City Website Updated
Smartdc Rotterdam Rotterdam https://www.smartdc.net/data-centers/locations/rotterdam/ 2017-11-13 19:47:45
Bytesnet Rotterdam Rotterdam https://www.bytesnet.nl 2017-11-13 19:47:56
NIKHEF Amsterdam Amsterdam http://www.nikhefhousing.nl 2018-12-05 17:39:33
Equinix AM7 - Amsterdam, Kuiperberweg Amsterdam https://www.equinix.com/locations/netherlands-colocation/amsterdam-data-centers/am7/ 2022-03-09 16:12:23
Telehouse - London (Docklands North) London http://www.telehouse.net 2022-03-09 16:13:00
Digital Realty Brussels BRU1 Brussels https://www.digitalrealty.com/data-centers/brussels/wezembeekstraat-2-bus-1-zaventem-belgium 2023-01-18 08:02:11
Equinix FR5 - Frankfurt, KleyerStrasse Frankfurt https://www.equinix.com/locations/germany-colocation/frankfurt-data-centers/fr5/ 2023-01-18 08:02:50
Equinix MD2 - Madrid Alcobendas https://www.equinix.com/locations/spain-colocation/madrid-data-centers/md2/ 2023-04-12 06:02:09
Equinix SG1 - Singapore Singapore https://www.equinix.com/locations/singapore-colocation/singapore-data-center/sg1/ 2024-07-12 13:00:38
Equinix DX1 - Dubai Dubai https://www.equinix.com/data-centers/europe-colocation/united-arab-emirates-colocation/dubai-data-centers/dx1 2024-07-12 13:00:56
Telehouse - Paris 2 (Voltaire - Léon Frot) Paris http://www.telehouse.fr 2024-07-12 13:01:52
Digital Realty Marseille MRS1-3 Marseille https://www.interxion.com/ 2025-08-20 10:03:26
Equinix ZH4 - Zurich Zurich https://www.equinix.com/locations/switzerland-colocation/zurich-data-centers/zh4/ 2025-08-20 10:03:43
as-block:       AS59392 - AS60437
descr:          RIPE NCC ASN block
remarks:        These AS Numbers are assigned to network operators in the RIPE NCC service region.
mnt-by:         RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
created:        2024-09-03T13:31:09Z
last-modified:  2024-09-03T13:31:09Z
source:         RIPE



aut-num:        AS60022
as-name:        SONA-AS
org:            ORG-SNB47-RIPE
import:         from AS174 accept ANY
import:         from AS2914 accept ANY
import:         from AS3257 accept ANY
import:         from AS3356 accept ANY
import:         from AS3491 accept ANY
import:         from AS5511 accept ANY
import:         from AS1299 accept ANY
import:         from AS6453 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS174 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS2914 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS3257 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS3356 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS3491 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS5511 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS1299 accept ANY
mp-import:      afi ipv6.unicast from AS6453 accept ANY
export:         to AS174 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS2914 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS3257 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS3356 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS3491 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS5511 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS1299 announce AS-SONA
export:         to AS6453 announce AS-SONA
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS174 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS2914 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS3257 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS3356 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS3491 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS5511 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS1299 announce AS-SONA-V6
mp-export:      afi ipv6.unicast to AS6453 announce AS-SONA-V6
admin-c:        NA9191-RIPE
tech-c:         NA9191-RIPE
status:         ASSIGNED
notify:         [email protected]
mnt-by:         RIPE-NCC-END-MNT
mnt-by:         lir-nl-sonanetwork-1-MNT
created:        2014-06-26T13:48:14Z
last-modified:  2025-03-21T14:00:58Z
source:         RIPE

organisation:   ORG-SNB47-RIPE
org-name:       Sona Network B.V.
country:        NL
org-type:       LIR
address:        Van Nelleweg 1
address:        3044 BC
address:        Rotterdam
address:        NETHERLANDS
phone:          +31108920330
e-mail:         [email protected]
admin-c:        NA9191-RIPE
tech-c:         NA9191-RIPE
abuse-c:        AR77947-RIPE
mnt-ref:        lir-nl-sonanetwork-1-MNT
mnt-by:         RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
mnt-by:         lir-nl-sonanetwork-1-MNT
created:        2025-03-20T15:00:32Z
last-modified:  2025-03-20T15:00:32Z
source:         RIPE

role:           NOC
address:        NETHERLANDS
address:        Rotterdam
address:        3044 BC
address:        Van Nelleweg 1
phone:          +31108920330
e-mail:         [email protected]
nic-hdl:        NA9191-RIPE
mnt-by:         lir-nl-sonanetwork-1-MNT
created:        2025-03-20T15:00:31Z
last-modified:  2025-03-20T15:00:32Z
source:         RIPE